A Review on Calcium Silicate Ceramics: Properties, Limitations, and Solutions for Their Use in Biomedical Applications

Abstract The bone, being an essential tissue in the human body, not only protects organs inside body but also provides mechanical support, haematopoiesis, mineral storage and mobility. Although bone may regenerate heal itself, significant defects caused by severe trauma, tumour removal, malignancy, or congenital diseases can be corrected via grafting. Bone biomaterials, known as graft alternatives, have seen increase demand recent years. Over 2 million procedures are performed United States each year to restore damaged/fractured bones number of patients China with reduced limb function owing abnormalities has risen 10 million. Traditional defect repair materials include autogenous allogeneic xenogeneic decalcified matrix, bioceramics, metal materials, which easily available processed. Calcium silicate (Ca-Si) ceramic is among most promising bioceramics for these purposes due their amazing characteristics such bioactivity, biocompatibility osteoinductivity. Unfortunately, its high biodegradation rate along poor strength represents major limitations that limit use clinical applications significantly. In light above, this article briefly discussed different types substitute properties Ca-Si ceramic, advantages, potential solutions overcome drawbacks biomedical orthopedic, dental, wound healing drug delivery.